Vietnam landscape

Disease trends in Vietnam

Population health

  • Vietnam’s population will continue to grow during 2018-2027. We project an annual average increase of 0.6% in 2023-27, to more than 100m by the end of the forecast period.
  • The Vietnamese are living longer, a report by the UNFPA suggests that as of 2019, nearly 11.9% of the population is made up of people 60 and above, and this proportion is expected to increase to more than 25% of the population by 2050.
  • Healthcare expenditure is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.4% from 2022 to 2027 and anticipated to be driven by expansion of health insurance for the population as well as further government expenditure on prevention and treatment of infectious disease including covid-19.
  • To ensure the overall wellness of the population, as well as to meet the 2030 population health goals, the government has adopted several strategies for monitoring and managing diseases, including the National Strategy to end the AIDS Epidemic by 2030, which was approved in August 2020.

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Major disease trends

  • With the ageing population increasing, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as oncology and cardiac issues are on the rise, leading to the increasing demands of screening tests, and facilitating the growth of pathology, which is currently in its nascent stages of development in the country.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for 81% of deaths in Vietnam in 2019 (latest data available), according to the WHO. The leading causes of death in the country in 2019 were stroke, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. In 2018 there were 165,000 new cancer cases, up from 126,000 in 2010.

  • Vietnam is among the top 10 countries with the highest burden of tuberculosis (TB), without sufficient infrastructure to battle the disease. USAID data suggests that while over 170,000 people contract tuberculosis each year, under 60% are provided with treatment.
  • Government statistics indicate a >400% spike in confirmed cases in 2022 as compared to 2021, with over 360,000 cases reported and around 140 deaths.
  • The Vietnamese government is keen to make inroads in eliminating diseases such as TB, HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

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